I80 接口的 LCD

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1. 调用 esp_lcd_new_i80_bus() 创建 I80 总线。请为英特尔 8080 并行总线设置以下参数：

   • esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::clk_src 设置 I80 总线的时钟源。请注意，不同的 ESP 芯片可能有不同的默认时钟源。

   • esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::wr_gpio_num 设置像素时钟的 GPIO 编号（在某些 LCD 规格书中也被称为 WR）

   • esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::dc_gpio_num 设置数据或命令选择管脚的 GPIO 编号（在某些 LCD 规格书中也被称为 RS）

   • esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::bus_width 设置数据总线的位宽（仅支持 8 位或 16 位）

   • esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::data_gpio_nums 是数据总线的 GPIO 编号数组。GPIO 的数量应与 esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::bus_width 的值等同。

   • esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t::max_transfer_bytes 设置单次传输的最大字节数。

   esp_lcd_i80_bus_handle_t i80_bus = NULL;
   esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t bus_config = {
       .clk_src = LCD_CLK_SRC_DEFAULT,
       .dc_gpio_num = EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DC,
       .wr_gpio_num = EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_PCLK,
       .data_gpio_nums = {
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA0,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA1,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA2,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA3,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA4,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA5,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA6,
           EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_DATA7,
       },
       .bus_width = 8,
       .max_transfer_bytes = EXAMPLE_LCD_H_RES * 100 * sizeof(uint16_t), // 单次最多可传输 100 行像素（假设像素格式为 RGB565）
       .dma_burst_size = EXAMPLE_DMA_BURST_SIZE,
   };
   ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_lcd_new_i80_bus(&bus_config, &i80_bus));
   

2. 从 I80 总线分配一个 LCD IO 设备句柄。在此步骤中，需要提供以下信息：

   • esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::cs_gpio_num 设置片选管脚的 GPIO 编号。

   • esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::pclk_hz 设置像素时钟频率 (Hz)。像素时钟频率越高，刷新率越高，但如果 DMA 带宽不足或 LCD 控制器芯片不支持高像素时钟频率，则可能会导致闪烁。

   • esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::lcd_cmd_bits 和 esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::lcd_param_bits 分别设置 LCD 控制器芯片可识别的命令及参数的位宽。不同芯片对位宽要求不同，请提前参阅 LCD 规格书。

   • esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::trans_queue_depth 设置在 LCD IO 设备中可以排队的最大传输量。该值越大，可以排队的传输越多，但消耗的内存也越多。

   esp_lcd_panel_io_handle_t io_handle = NULL;
   esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t io_config = {
       .cs_gpio_num = EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_CS,
       .pclk_hz = EXAMPLE_LCD_PIXEL_CLOCK_HZ,
       .trans_queue_depth = 10,
       .dc_levels = {
           .dc_idle_level = 0,
           .dc_cmd_level = 0,
           .dc_dummy_level = 0,
           .dc_data_level = 1,
       },
       .lcd_cmd_bits = EXAMPLE_LCD_CMD_BITS,
       .lcd_param_bits = EXAMPLE_LCD_PARAM_BITS,
   };
   ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_lcd_new_panel_io_i80(i80_bus, &io_config, &io_handle));
   

3. 安装 LCD 控制器驱动程序。LCD 控制器驱动程序负责向 LCD 控制器芯片发送命令和参数。在此步骤中，需要指定上一步骤中分配到的 I80 IO 设备句柄以及一些面板特定配置：

   • esp_lcd_panel_dev_config_t::bits_per_pixel 设置像素颜色数据的位宽。LCD 驱动程序使用此值计算要发送到 LCD 控制器芯片的字节数。

   • esp_lcd_panel_dev_config_t::reset_gpio_num 设置复位管脚的 GPIO 编号。如果 LCD 控制器芯片没有复位管脚，可将此值设置为 -1。

   • esp_lcd_panel_dev_config_t::rgb_ele_order 设置像素颜色数据的颜色顺序。

   esp_lcd_panel_dev_config_t panel_config = {
       .reset_gpio_num = EXAMPLE_PIN_NUM_RST,
       .rgb_ele_order = LCD_RGB_ELEMENT_ORDER_RGB,
       .bits_per_pixel = 16,
   };
   ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_lcd_new_panel_st7789(io_handle, &panel_config, &panel_handle));
   

API 参考

Header File

• components/esp_lcd/include/esp_lcd_io_i80.h

• This header file can be included with:

  #include "esp_lcd_io_i80.h"
  

• This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_lcd component. To declare that your component depends on esp_lcd, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:

  REQUIRES esp_lcd
  

  or

  PRIV_REQUIRES esp_lcd
  

Functions

esp_err_t esp_lcd_new_i80_bus(const esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t *bus_config, esp_lcd_i80_bus_handle_t *ret_bus)

Create Intel 8080 bus handle.

参数

• bus_config -- [in] Bus configuration

• ret_bus -- [out] Returned bus handle

返回

• ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if parameter is invalid

• ESP_ERR_NO_MEM if out of memory

• ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND if no free bus is available

• ESP_OK on success

esp_err_t esp_lcd_del_i80_bus(esp_lcd_i80_bus_handle_t bus)

Destroy Intel 8080 bus handle.

参数

bus -- [in] Intel 8080 bus handle, created by esp_lcd_new_i80_bus()

返回

• ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if parameter is invalid

• ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE if there still be some device attached to the bus

• ESP_OK on success

esp_err_t esp_lcd_new_panel_io_i80(esp_lcd_i80_bus_handle_t bus, const esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t *io_config, esp_lcd_panel_io_handle_t *ret_io)

Create LCD panel IO, for Intel 8080 interface.

参数

• bus -- [in] Intel 8080 bus handle, created by esp_lcd_new_i80_bus()

• io_config -- [in] IO configuration, for i80 interface

• ret_io -- [out] Returned panel IO handle

返回

• ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if parameter is invalid

• ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if some configuration can't be satisfied, e.g. pixel clock out of the range

• ESP_ERR_NO_MEM if out of memory

• ESP_OK on success

void *esp_lcd_i80_alloc_draw_buffer(esp_lcd_panel_io_handle_t io, size_t size, uint32_t caps)

Allocate a draw buffer that can be used by I80 interfaced LCD panel.

备注

This function differs from the normal 'heap_caps_*' functions in that it can also automatically handle the alignment required by DMA burst, cache line size, etc.

参数

• io -- [in] Panel IO handle, created by esp_lcd_new_panel_io_i80()

• size -- [in] Size of memory to be allocated

• caps -- [in] Bitwise OR of MALLOC_CAP_* flags indicating the type of memory desired for the allocation

返回

Pointer to a new buffer of size 'size' with capabilities 'caps', or NULL if allocation failed

Structures

struct esp_lcd_i80_bus_config_t

LCD Intel 8080 bus configuration structure.

Public Members

int dc_gpio_num

GPIO used for D/C line

int wr_gpio_num

GPIO used for WR line

lcd_clock_source_t clk_src

Clock source for the I80 LCD peripheral

int data_gpio_nums[ESP_LCD_I80_BUS_WIDTH_MAX]

GPIOs used for data lines

size_t bus_width

Number of data lines, 8 or 16

size_t max_transfer_bytes

Maximum transfer size, this determines the length of internal DMA link

size_t psram_trans_align

DMA transfer alignment for data allocated from PSRAM

size_t dma_burst_size

DMA burst size, in bytes

size_t sram_trans_align

DMA transfer alignment for data allocated from SRAM

struct esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t

Panel IO configuration structure, for intel 8080 interface.

Public Members

int cs_gpio_num

GPIO used for CS line, set to -1 will declaim exclusively use of I80 bus

uint32_t pclk_hz

Frequency of pixel clock

size_t trans_queue_depth

Transaction queue size, larger queue, higher throughput

esp_lcd_panel_io_color_trans_done_cb_t on_color_trans_done

Callback invoked when color data was transferred done

void *user_ctx

User private data, passed directly to on_color_trans_done's user_ctx

int lcd_cmd_bits

Bit-width of LCD command

int lcd_param_bits

Bit-width of LCD parameter

unsigned int dc_idle_level

Level of DC line in IDLE phase

unsigned int dc_cmd_level

Level of DC line in CMD phase

unsigned int dc_dummy_level

Level of DC line in DUMMY phase

unsigned int dc_data_level

Level of DC line in DATA phase

struct esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::[anonymous] dc_levels

Each i80 device might have its own D/C control logic

unsigned int cs_active_high

If set, a high level of CS line will select the device, otherwise, CS line is low level active

unsigned int reverse_color_bits

Reverse the data bits, D[N:0] -> D[0:N]

unsigned int swap_color_bytes

Swap adjacent two color bytes

unsigned int pclk_active_neg

The display will write data lines when there's a falling edge on WR signal (a.k.a the PCLK)

unsigned int pclk_idle_low

The WR signal (a.k.a the PCLK) stays at low level in IDLE phase

struct esp_lcd_panel_io_i80_config_t::[anonymous] flags

Panel IO config flags

Macros

ESP_LCD_I80_BUS_WIDTH_MAX

Maximum width of I80 bus

Type Definitions

typedef struct esp_lcd_i80_bus_t *esp_lcd_i80_bus_handle_t

Type of LCD intel 8080 bus handle

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